The Vitalness of Negative and Positive Freedom on Kathy Hoyle’s Breathe

Bima Tri Wardhana, Kayla Fatiha, Ratih Kartika, Galuh Fadhelah Aulia Hamidah, Rommel Utungga Pasopati, Devito Andharu, Muhammad Reza Ishadi Fadillah

Abstract

This article investigates tensions of positive and negative freedom in a flash fiction of Kathy Hoyle entitled Breathe. The story explores themes of personal growth and resilience through one character's struggle. It fits character development in overcoming challenges and emphasizing the importance of inner strength and self-discovery. Through qualitative method and explorative approach, this paper exemplifies negative freedom with the sense of urgencies in positive freedom. The absence of external restraints must also be accompanied with comprehensive senses of belief. In analysis, the protagonist's journey from vulnerability to strength illustrates the human capacity to endure and transform in the face of life's challenges, highlighting resilience and growth in the face of adversity. In conclusion, it reminds people that even in the darkest of times, they still have the strength to breathe, endure, and ultimately thrive towards following positive freedom.

Keywords

Breathe; Kathy Hoyle; Negative Freedom; Positive Freedom

Full Text:

PDF

References

Akbar, M. A. M., Calista, S. N., Pasopati, R. U., & Wijaya, K. (2023). The Arguments to Social Apathy in Song of Losing My Religion by REM. Candradimuka: Journal of Education, 1(2), 60-68.

Askland, A., (1993), Charles Taylor Against the Negative Sense of Freedom: An Unjustified Collapse and A Persisting External Authority, Auslegung, 19 (2), pp. 123-132.

Barry, C., (2019), Charles Taylor on Ethics and Liberty, Eidos: A Journal for Philosophy of Culture, 3 (9), pp. 83-102.

Baum, B., & Nichols, R. (Eds.). (2013). Isaiah Berlin and the Politics of Freedom:‘Two Concepts of Liberty 50 Years Later. Routledge.

Berlin, I. (2002) ‘Two Concepts of Liberty’ in Hardy, Henry (Ed), Liberty. Oxford, Oxford University Press. pp. 166-217.

Carter, I, (2021), Positive and Negative Liberty, plato.stanford.edu/entries/liberty-positive-

negative/.

Crowder, G. (2021). Isaiah Berlin. In Handbuch Liberalismus. Stuttgart: JB Metzler.

de Silva, A., & Kenyon, A. T. (2022). Countering hate speech in context: positive freedom of speech. Journal of Media Law, 14(1), 97-118.

Dimova-Cookson, M. (2021). Moral and Personal Positive Freedom : Positive, Freedom,Past, Present and Future, 45-64.

Djanarko, I., & Pasopati, R. U. (2017). Ethical Values in Indonesian Character Building. In Third International Conference on Social and Political Sciences (ICSPS 2017) (pp. 214-216). Atlantis Press.

Fitriani, N. A., Millenia, P. A., Sarmi, N. N., & Pasopati, R. U. (2023). The Inquiries of Racial Violence on Lauryn Hill’s Black Rage. Intertwine: Journal of English Language, Literary, and Cultural Studies, 1(1), 1-12.

Gould, C. (2022). Reframing Democracy with Positive Freedom: The Power of Liberty Reconsidered. Positive Freedom: Past, Present, and Future, 141-154.

Hwang, E. Y., (2021), Charles Taylor and Mircea Eliade on Religion, Morality and Ordinary Life, Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies, 20 (59), pp. 65-79.

Hoyle, K. (2021). Breathe. https://theshortstory.co.uk/flash-fiction-breathe-by-kathy-hoyle/.Kaltsas, S., (2019), Habermas, Taylor, and Connolly on Secularism, Pluralism,and the Post-Secular Public Sphere, Religions, 10 (460), pp. 1-19.

Karimi, B., Shahraeini, S. M., & Bolandhematan, K. (2022). Berlin and West Reading on the Ontological Foundations of Positive Freedom in Spinoza's Thought. Journal of Ontological Researches, 10(20).

Kinsinger, K. (2020). Positive Freedoms and Peaceful Assemblies: Reenvisioning Section 2 (c) of the Charter.

Levy, J., (2015), Rationalism, Pluralism, and Freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Oktavia, D., Salsabiyla, R., Noviyanti, A. D., Budianto, S., & Pasopati, R. U. (2023). Cyberbullying and Its Impacts on Self-Loathing Behavior. In Proceeding of International Seminar Enrichment of Career by Knowledge of Language and Literature (Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 185-196).

Pasopati, R. U. (2016). Family and Social Constructions in Indonesian Empowerment. In Search of Key Drivers of Indonesia Empowerment, 314.

Pearce, R. (2021) Academic freedom and the paradox of tolerance. Nature Human Behavior, 5(11), pp. 1461-1464.

Pujimahanani, C., Hasana, F. A., Rafiuddin, R., Pakerti, B. L., & Pasopati, R. U. (2023). The Significance of Socially Constructed Behaviors to Modern Identities on Em Beihold’s" City of Angels". Anaphora: Journal of Language, Literary, and Cultural Studies, 6(2), 159-174.

Raza, S., (2023), Max Weber and Charles Taylor: On normative aspects of atheory of human action, Journal of Classical Sociology, 23(1) , pp. 97–136.

Renani, A. A., & Dinparast, F. (2021). Positive Freedom and Liberalism in Kant's Political Philosophy. Philosophical Investigations, 15(35).

Schubert, K., (2020), Freedom as Critique: Foucault Beyond Anarchism : Philosophy & Social Criticism, pp. 1-34.

Shoikhedbrod, I. (2023). The retrieval of positive freedom, post-Kantian perfectionism and neo-Roman liberty in contemporary political thought. European Journal of Political Theory, 14748851231192776.

Simhony, A. (2021). Positive freedom and freedom of contract: fairness, fairing well, and freedom.

Taylor, C. (1979). "What’s wrong with negative liberty?". Liberty Reader. Routledge.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.