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Design of an IoT-Based Fish Pond Water Quality Monitoring System Using Android Technology

Author


Khairul Amri Annazri(1Mail), Farid Akbar Siregar(2),
(1) Fakultas Ilmu Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara,
(2) Fakultas Ilmu Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara,

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Available online: 2026-10-10  |  Published : 2026-10-10
Copyright (c) 2026 Khairul Amri Annazri, Farid Akbar Siregar
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Abstract


Water quality is one of the important factors in the success of freshwater fish farming because it affects the environmental conditions and health of fish. Manual monitoring of water turbidity has limitations because changes in water conditions cannot always be detected quickly and objectively. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)- and Android-based fish pond water quality monitoring system with water turbidity as the main parameter. The research used the Research and Development (R&D) method with a technical experimental approach. The system was developed using a turbidity sensor connected to an ESP32 microcontroller. The collected data were transmitted to Firebase Realtime Database and displayed through the AquaWatch IoT Android application. The system also implements water condition classification and an Early Warning System using Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM). Testing on 10 samples showed that the system was able to classify water conditions into three categories: Clear at ADC values ≥2600, Turbid at 2150–2599, and Dirty at ADC values <2150. Data transmission testing achieved a 100% success rate, with a delay ranging from 154 to 245 ms and an average delay of 198.1 ms. The system also successfully delivered notifications when the water condition reached a critical level. The results indicate that the developed system can support real-time and remote monitoring of fish pond water turbidity through an Android application.

Keywords


Android, ESP32, Internet of Things, Water Turbidity, Monitoring

References


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