Author
Maesaroh M(1
), Saeful Amin(2),
(1) Program Studi S1 Farmasi, Universitas Bakti Tunas Husada Tasikmalaya,
(2) Program Studi S1 Farmasi, Universitas Bakti Tunas Husada Tasikmalaya,
Corresponding Author
| Article Analytic |
Available online: 2025-04-10 | Published : 2025-04-10
Copyright (c) 2025 Maesaroh M, Saeful Amin
Article can trace at:
Article Metrics
Abstract Views: 129 times
PDF Downloaded: 247 times
Abstract
Personalized therapy is a treatment approach that considers genetic, environmental, and lifestyle variations of each individual to optimize the effectiveness and safety of therapy. This study aims to analyze the role of medicinal chemistry in the development of personalized therapy through the perspective of rational design of drug molecules, structural modification, and optimization of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic properties. The method used is a systematic literature review with the PRISMA approach to scientific publications in 2013-2023 that focus on the integration of medicinal chemistry with pharmacogenomics and personalized therapy. The results of the study showed that medicinal chemistry plays an important role in four main areas: (1) drug design based on specific genetic targets with high selectivity (76% of publications); (2) development of prodrugs and drug delivery systems that are responsive to individual biomarkers (63% of publications); (3) optimization of pharmacokinetics based on genetic variations of drug metabolizing enzymes (58% of publications); and (4) development of molecular probes for companion diagnostics (52% of publications). Further analysis identified the development trends of personalized therapy including multi-target drug design based on patient molecular profiles and big data-based medicinal chemistry strategies. The main challenges identified include the complexity of molecular modification to achieve pharmacokinetic profiles that match specific genetic subtypes and the limitations of experimental models that represent individual heterogeneity. In conclusion, medicinal chemistry plays a fundamental role in realizing the concept of personalized therapy through the design and optimization of drug molecules that match individual patient characteristics. Further research is needed for the development of medicinal chemistry methodologies integrated with omics technology and artificial intelligence to accelerate the translation of the concept of personalized therapy into real clinical applications in Indonesia.
Keywords
References
Amin Saeful, dan Dian Eka Pratama. (2025). Peran Kimia Medinsial dalam Pengembangan Obat Anti Kangker: Pendekatan Komputasi dan Eksplorasi Senyawa Bioaktif dari Sumber Alam. Jurnal Indonsesia of Sciense. 1(6). 1356-1361.
Arba, M., Ruslin, R., Kalsum, W. U., Alroem, A., Muzakkar, M. Z., & Usman, I. (2020). Molecular docking and dynamics simulation of quercetin and its analogues as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1218, 128536.
Gupta, R. B., & Jhawat, V. (2017). Quality by design (QbD) approach of pharmacogenomics in drug designing and formulation development for optimization of drug delivery systems. Journal of Controlled Release, 245, 15-26.
Hadyan, A., Pratama, M. F., & Yanuar, A. (2023). Aplikasi deep learning dalam prediksi interaksi senyawa dengan varian protein target: Studi kasus pada inhibitor EGFR. Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 10(1), 45-59.
Hadinata, S., Hermawan, A., & Meiyanto, E. (2019). Pengembangan prodrug fluorourasil yang diaktivasi oleh tymidylate synthase untuk terapi target kanker kolorektal. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 16(2), 308-321.
Harahap, Y., Purwanto, D. A., & Sumarno, S. (2019). Tantangan dan peluang pengembangan precision medicine di Indonesia: Perspektif farmakogenomik. Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia, 8(3), 264-273.
Ibrahim, A., Fadhlurrahman, M., & Yanuar, A. (2023). Pengembangan probe fluoresen multiplex untuk profilasi aktivitas isoform CYP450 dalam penentuan status metabolizer obat psikiatri. Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 21(1), 91-103.
Kusuma, A. S. W., Priyanto, P., & Purwanti, T. (2022). Pengembangan analog tramadol dengan jalur metabolisme independen CYP2D6 untuk efek analgesik yang konsisten antar individu. Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana, 4(1), 32-46.
Lulitaningsih, E., Wisnusaputra, A., & Sudarmanto, B. S. A. (2021). Modifikasi struktur inhibitor EGFR untuk meningkatkan selektivitas terhadap mutasi T790M pada kanker paru. Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 32(3), 215-227.
Martien, R., Adhyatmika, A., & Ismail, H. (2021). Pengembangan sistem nanopartikel dengan linker sensitif MMP-2 untuk penghantaran doxorubicin pada kanker payudara. Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan, 32(1), 45-57.
Muchtaridi, M., Yusuf, M., & Subarnas, A. (2020). Penemuan obat berbasis struktur: Aplikasi kimia komputasi dalam desain obat modern. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 17(1), 1-15.
National Research Council. (2011). Toward precision medicine: Building a knowledge network for biomedical research and a new taxonomy of disease. The National Academies Press.
Perwitasari, D. A., Irham, L. M., & Darmawan, E. (2018). Polimorfisme gen CYP2C9 dan VKORC1 pada pasien terapi warfarin di Indonesia: Implikasi untuk pengembangan terapi personalisasi. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya, 30(2), 126-132.
Prahallad, A., Heynen, G. J., & Bernards, R. (2020). Targeting oncogenic driver mutations in cancer: recent advances and challenges. Pharmaceutical Research, 37(1), 9.
Prasasty, V. D., Cindana, S., & Gaffar, S. (2020). Analisis molecular dynamics pada pocket alosterik BRAF V600E untuk pengembangan inhibitor selektif. Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 7(2), 135-145.
Purwanto, D. A., Arwansyah, A., & Suciati, S. (2018). Modifikasi struktur warfarin melalui substitusi bioisosterik untuk mengurangi variabilitas respons pada polimorfisme CYP2C9. Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Terapan, 5(2), 74-86.
Rachmania, R. A., Supandi, S., & Cristina, D. (2022). Desain rasional inhibitor dual PI3K/mTOR dengan selektivitas berbeda terhadap isoform PI3K berdasarkan profil genomik kanker payudara. Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(1), 41- 53.
Roden, D. M., McLeod, H. L., & Relling, M. V. (2019). Pharmacogenomics. The Lancet, 394(10197), 521-532.
Schork, N. J. (2019). Personalized medicine: time for one-person trials. Nature, 520(7549), 609-611.
Suryadi, H., Kurniati, N. F., & Melanie, H. (2019). Pengembangan metode analisis biomarker untuk implementasi terapi personalisasi di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 17(2), 189-198.
Syahdi, R. R., Mun'im, A., & Yanuar, A. (2020). Korelasi polimorfisme DPYD dengan toksisitas fluorourasil: Pendekatan molecular docking dan analisis farmakogenetik. Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 7(1), 73-86.
Widiyantoro, A., Rudyanto, M., & Siswandono, S. (2022). Pengembangan modulator alosterik CYP2D6 untuk optimasi metabolisme obat psikiatri pada individu dengan polimorfisme enzim. Jurnal Kimia Riset, 7(1), 34-47.
Wermuth, C. G. (2015). Similarity in drugs: reflections on analogue design. Drug Discovery Today, 20(1), 13-14.
Wulandari, L., Sukardiman, S., & Purwanto, D. (2021). Pengembangan probe fluoresen berbasis cumarin untuk deteksi polimorfisme CYP2C19 pada terapi clopidogrel. Media Farmasi Indonesia, 16(2), 1810-1822.
Wurcel, V., Cicchetti, A., & Garrison, L. (2016). The value of diagnostic information in personalized healthcare: a comprehensive concept to facilitate bringing this technology into healthcare systems. Public Health Genomics, 19(6), 322-328.
Yuniarto, A., Sukandar, E. Y., & Fidrianny, I. (2021). Integrasi etnofarmakologi dengan kimia medisinal modern untuk pengembangan terapi personalisasi berbasis sumber daya alam Indonesia. Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia, 10(3), 244-259.
Zaini, E., Halim, A., & Soewandhi, S. N. (2020). Aspek kristalografi dalam pengembangan sistem penghantaran obat termodifikasi untuk implementasi terapi personalisasi. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi, 25(1), 33-45.
Zulkarnain, A. K., Nurlaila, N., & Mardliyati, E. (2019). Teknologi nanopartikel lipid untuk penghantaran obat spesifik target: Prospek dalam terapi personalisasi. Majalah Farmaseutik, 15(2), 168-179.
Nugroho, A. E., Ikawati, Z., & Sardjiman, S. (2018). Kontribusi pendekatan kimia medisinal dalam pengembangan obat dengan target molekuler spesifik. Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 16(2), 126-134.
Pratiwi, R., Tjandrawinata, R. R., & Surono, I. S. (2020). Identifikasi biomarker respons terapi pada subpopulasi Indonesia: Pendekatan farmakoproteomik. Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia, 5(2), 105-116.
Setiawati, A., Suyatna, F. D., & Gan, S. H. (2018). Farmakogenetik dalam pengembangan terapi personalisasi di Indonesia: Status dan prospek. Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia, 43(2), 54-67.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
